Treatment of cellulose derivatives or products made therewith



Patented May 19, 193E PATENT OFFICE HENRY DBEYFUS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND TREATMENT OF CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES OR PRODUCTS MADE THEBEWIT'H No Drawing. Application filed March 4, 1927, Serial No. 172,922, and in Great Britain March 16, 1926.

This invention relates to the dyeing, printing orstencilling of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, films or other products made-from or containing cellulose esters.

I The present invention is concerned with the dyeing, or the printing or stencilling (both of which are herein included'under the term dyeing), of artificial filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, films and other products made from or containing cellulose esters of organic acids which are homologues of acetic acid, for example,- cellulose formate or the cellulose esters of butyric acid or propionic acid or other higher fatty acids.

It has now been discovered that when goods made from or containing these cellulose esters are loaded with a metallic salt or salts or compound or compounds, that is or are insoluble in water, such goods display an increased affinity for dyestuffs, coloring matters or other coloring compounds.

According to my invention, therefore, goods made of or containing cellulose esters of organic acids which are homologues of acetic acid, are loaded with a metallic salt or salts or compound or compounds that is or are insoluble in water, preferably such as act as loadin agents for natural silk, and are afterwards yed, printed or stencilled with dyestuffs, coloring matters or. other coloring compounds in any suitable way.

The loading agents may be deposited on the goods by treatment in succession with a bath containing in solution a salt or salts of a metal or metals such as tin, zinc, tungsten, or aluminium and a bath containing a solution of phosphate, silicate, tannin or other compound or compounds adapted to deposit the metal or metals as an insoluble salt or salts or compound or compounds upon the goods. v

The loading operation may be repeated, it being found that with each successive loading operation the increase in the capacity of the goods for absorbing dyestufl's becomes greater and greater.

The goods, after they have been loaded in this manner, ma be dyed with direct, acid, basic and other yestulis.

The process presents a marked advantage over those heretofore in use in that the colorof stannic chloride of 33 B., the bath being ing of the goods is of greater depth and brilliancy. The uniformity of the coloring also leaves nothing to be desired, while the colors produced in accordance with this invention may readily be discharged by the usual processes. Ewample 1 kilo of cellulose butyrate or propionate yarn in hanks is treated for one hour in a bath maintained at a temperature of about 50 C. The yarn is removed from the bath, and washed thoroughly with cold water. The yarn is now entered in a bath of 'di-sodium phosphate of 3 to 6 B. After treatment in the bath for hour at a temperature of 40- C. the yarn is removed and Washed with warm water. The loaded yarn is then dyed in a bath containing about 1 per cent of dyestufi and 2 to 3 per cent of acetic acid, the bath being maintained at 40 60 C. alternatively, a bath containing a direct dyestufi together witlii Glauber salts or other assistant may be use Cellulose butyrate or propionate fabrics may be loaded and prepared for dyeing or stencilling or printing with printing pastes by treatment in successive baths of stannic chloride and disodium phosphate in the manner described in the foregoing example.

If a heavier loading and an enhanced afiinity for dyestuffs is desired, the loading operation may be prolonged or may be repeated as often as desired or advisable. 85

The process is not limited to the procedure set forth in the preceding example, but may vary widely therefrom without departing from the invention. The process, moreover, is applicable to the dyeing, printing or stencilling of mixed yarns, fabrics or materials containing filaments or yarns of the cellulose esters associated with other fibres or yarns, such'as cotton or other cellulose fibres (natural or artificial), wool, and silk.

The term loading is used in the appended claims in the ordinary technical signification in which it is employed in connection with natural silk, that is to say, to connote the operation of increasing the weight and 100 volume of the material under treatment; it does not include the production of such relatively small increases in weight as may be associated with processes of dyeing, such for example as those efiected with the aid of mordants.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is z--- 1. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises a loading operation wherein the material, is swelled and impregnated with a solution of a salt of a loading metal and the metal is fixed in the material as an insoluble compound, and a subsequent operation comprising the application to the loaded material of a coloring matter that has but little atiinity for the unloaded cellulose ester material.

ailipity for the unloaded cellulose ester materia 6. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading the material by an operation in which the material is treated with a solution containing stannic chloride at a temperature of about 50 C. and afterwards with an agent ada ted to fix the tin in the material as an.

inso uble compound, and finally dyeing the loaded material with a dyestuff that has but little afiinity for the unloaded cellulose ester material.

7. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading the material by an operation in which the material is treated with a solu- 2. Process of dyeing material containing 3. tion containin stannic chloride at a temcellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises a loading operation wherein the material is swelled and impregnated with a solution of a salt of a loading metal, and the material is treated with a solution adapted to fix the metal therein as-an insoluble compound, and a subsequent operation comprising the application to the loaded material of a coloring matter that has but little affinity for the v unloaded cellulose ester material.

3. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises a loading operation wherein the material is swelled and impregnated with a solution of a chloride of a loading metal, and the material is treated with a solution adapted to fix the metal therein as an insoluble compound, and a subsequent operation comprising the application to the loaded material of a colorin matter that has but little aifinity for the un oaded cellulose ester material.

4. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises a.

loading operation wherein the material is swelled and impregnatedwith a solution ofstannic chloride, and the material is treated with a solution adapted to fix the tin therein as an insoluble compound, and a subsequent operation comprising the application to the loaded material of a coloring matter that has but little ailinity for the unloaded cellulose ester material.

5. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading the material by an operation in which the material is treated with a heated solution containing a chloride of a loading metal and afterwards, with an agent adapted to fix the metal in the material as an insoluble compound, and finally dyeing the loaded with dyestufi that has but little perature of a out 50 C. and afterwards with an agent adapted to fix the tin in the material as phosphate, and finally dyeing the loaded material.

8.Process of d eing material containing a cellulose ester 0 an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading the material by an operation in which the material is treated with a solution containing stannic chloride at a temperature of about 50 C. and afterwards with a solution containing disodium phosphate, and finally dyeing the loaded material.

9. Process of dyeing material containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid that is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading the material by a series of operations in each of which the material is treated with a solution containing stannic chloride at a temperature of about 50 C. and afterwards with an agent adapted to fix the tin in the material as an insoluble compound, and finally dyeing the loaded material with a dyestuif that has but little aflin'ity for the unloaded cellulose ester material.

10. A rocess of dyeing materials containing a cel ulose ester of an organic acid which is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading said materials'by forming -W8llGP-1I1S0ll1bl8 metallic compoun and thereafter dyeing the loaded materials with a dyestufi which has but little afiinity for the unloaded cellulose ester material. 11. A process of dyeing materials containing a cellulose ester of an organic acid which is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading said materials by swelling and impregnating them with a heated solution of a salt of a loading metal and then treating them with a solution of acompound adapted to fix the metal therein as an insoluble salt,

therein a.

and thereafter dyeing the loaded materials of dyeing materials contain- 1 ing a cellulose ester of an organic acid which is a homologue of acetic acid, which comprises loading said materials by swelling and impregnating with a solution of stannic chloride and then treating them with a solution of a compound adapted to fix tin therein as an insoluble salt, and thereafter dyein the loaded materials with a dyestufi whic has but little afinity for the unloaded cellulose ester material.

13. .As a new article of manufacture, a material comprising a cellulose ester of an organic acid which is a homologue of acetic acid, loaded with a. water-insoluble metal salt and dyed with a dyestuft which has but little aflinity for unloaded cellulose ester material.

14. As a new article of. manufacture, a material comprising a cellulose ester of an organic acid which 1s a homologue of acetic acid, loaded with a water-insoluble tin salt and dyed with a dyestufi which has but little alfinity for unloaded cellulose ester material. 15. As a new article of manufacture, a fabric containing filaments comprising a cellulose ester of an organic acid which is a homologue of acetic acid loaded with a waterinsoluble metal salt, said fabric having a pattern thereon printed with a dyestufl? having but little aifinity for unloaded cellulose ester material.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub- Y scribed my name HENRY DREYFUS. 

